[{"name":"tarfala-kirchner-2020-lake-temperature-1","title":"Water temperatures from the arctic-alpine Lake Tarfala, Northern Sweden, 2016\u2060\u200a\u2013\u200a\u20602019","summary":"This dataset provides measurements of water temperature recorded in the glacier-proximal arctic-alpine Lake Tarfala in the Kebnekaise Mountains, Northern Sweden.\r\n\r\nMeasurements were conducted at least every 120 minutes, between September 2016 and September 2019, at three different sites in the lake. For each site, data take the form of a time series of water temperature, measured at different water depths between 2 m and 40 m below the lake surface. The site with the longest time series is located where the lake is deepest (49 m). Measurements there are recorded at 10 m, 20 m, 30 m, and 40 m below lake surface, every 30 minutes throughout the entire time period.\r\n\r\nThese data were collected in order to investigate Lake Tarfala's thermal state, its vertical mixing behavior, and its response to changing climatic conditions.","citations":"Kirchner N, Kuttenkeuler J, Rosqvist G, Hancke M, Granebeck A, Weckstr\u00f6m J, Weckstr\u00f6m K, Schenk F, Korhola A, Eriksson P (2020). A continuous three-year temperature record from the monomictic arctic-alpine Lake Tarfala, northern Sweden. Manuscript submitted to Arctic, Antarctic and Alpine Research (in review)","comments":"Information about sites and instrumentation:\r\n\r\n##### Site M1\r\nLocation: 67\u00b0 55' 26.5\" N, 18\u00b0 35' 20.6\" E.\r\n\r\nFour Seabird Scientific SBE56 temperature sensors were arranged in a vertical array to acquire water temperatures at 10 m, 20 m, 30 m and 40 m below lake surface.\r\n\r\nWe refer to one mooring site, M1, although the mooring positions (after retrieval, maintenance and re-deployment) differed by a few meters between years.\r\n\r\nThe SBE sensors log, time-stamp and save measured water temperatures every 30 minutes, at a temperature resolution and accuracy of 0.0001 \u00b0C and \u00b1 0.002 \u00b0C, respectively, and a clock accuracy of 5 sec\/month.\r\n\r\nIn addition, four HOBO Water Temp Pro v2 profilers were attached to the SBE56 mooring at site M1 on April 28, 2019, and acquired water temperature at 2 m, 4 m, 6 m, and 8 m below lake surface, until September 5, 2019. The HOBO profilers log, time-stamp and save measured water temperatures every 120 minutes, have a temperature resolution and accuracy of 0.02 \u00b0C and \u00b1 0.21 \u00b0C, respectively, and a clock accuracy of \u00b1 1 min\/month.\r\n\r\n##### Site M2\r\nLocation: 67\u00b0 55' 25.2\" N, 18\u00b0 35' 30.0\" E.\r\n\r\nFour Seabird Scientific SBE56 temperature sensors (for specifications, see above) were arranged in a vertical array to acquire water temperatures at 10 m, 20 m, 30 m and 40 m below lake surface.\r\n\r\n##### Site L1\r\nLocation: 67\u00b0 55' 25.1\" N, 18\u00b0 35' 47.1\" E.\r\n\r\nOne StarOddi DST CTD sensor was moored at 3 m below lake surface to acquire water temperatures. The CTD sensor logs, time-stamps and saves measured water temperatures every 10 minutes. The sensor\u2019s range, resolution and accuracy are \u22121\u2060 to +40 \u00b0C, 0.032 \u00b0C, and \u00b1 0.1 \u00b0C, respectively, at a clock accuracy of \u00b1 1 min\/month.\r\n\r\nData collection was done using [Tarfala Research Station](https:\/\/www.natgeo.su.se\/english\/tarfala-research-station) (TRS) as a field base. Since TRS is part of the Swedish Infrastructure for Ecosystem Science, [SITES](https:\/\/www.fieldsites.se\/en-GB), these data will also be available in the [SITES Water](https:\/\/www.fieldsites.se\/en-GB\/sites-provides\/sites-thematic-programs\/sites-water-32634383) database in the near future.","category":"Lacustrine","subcategory":"Temperature","keywords":"Lake; Monomictic; Vertical mixing; Arctic; Water temperature; Tarfala; Alpine; Pro-glacial; Limnology; Lacustrine","scientist":"Nina Kirchner, Jakob Kuttenkeuler, Gunhild Rosqvist, Marnie Hancke, Annika Granebeck, Jan Weckstr\u00f6m, Kaarina Weckstr\u00f6m, Frederik Schenk, Atte Korhola, Pia Eriksson","firstname":"Nina","lastname":"Kirchner","address":"Department of Physical Geography; Stockholm University","postalcode":"SE.106 91","city":"Stockholm","province":"","country":"Sweden","parameters":"Earth science > Terrestrial hydrosphere > Surface water > Lakes","location":"Continent > Europe > Northern Europe > Scandinavia > Sweden","progress":"Completed","language":"English","project":"Swedish Infrastructure for Ecosystem Sciences (SITES Waters), G\u00f6ran Gustafsson Foundation, Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Centre for Naval Architecture at KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Arctic Avenue (Spearhead research project between the University of Helsinki and Stockholm University).","publisher":"Bolin Centre Database","version":"1","constrains":"None, but please cite Kirchner et al. 2020","access":"Free"}]