http://bolin.su.se/data/tarfala-monthly-temperature-1 Tarfala Research Station staff Bolin Centre Database 2024 Datafile Atmosphere Temperature Air temperature Tarfala Kebnekaise Weather Arctic Alpine Monthly data Earth science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric temperature > Surface temperature > Air temperature Nina Kirchner 2024-04-09T07:46:40+00:00 English 1 The dataset is provided in two comma-separated values (`.csv`) files. Both files contain the same temperature data, but they are given in two different forms: ##### Time series form The data file `tarfala-monthly-temperature-1-vector.csv` provides the monthly temperatures as a time series vector. This file has three columns: - `time` Time (YYYY-MM) - `temperature` Monthly mean temperature (°C) - `source` A digit between 1 and 5 depending on the original source, where - `1` = manual observations from TRS - `2` = old automatic temperature recording equipment at TRS - `3` = current automatic weather station at TRS (TRS-AWS) - `4` = data measured with TRS-AWS, published at SITES Data Portal - `5` = SMHI station Tarfala A ##### Table form The data file `tarfala-monthly-temperature-1-table.csv` provides the monthly temperatures in the form of a table. This file has 13 columns: - `time` Time (YYYY) - `t_jan` January mean temperature (°C) - `t_feb` February mean temperature (°C) - ... - `t_dec` December mean temperature (°C) Missing values occur for the years 1946 – 1964, in all months except June, July, and August. They are indicated by `NaN`. No data was available from TRS-AWS for February 2009, and November 2022 to March 2023. For these months, data is instead taken from the [SMHI Tarfala A](https://www.smhi.se/data/meteorologi/ladda-ner-meteorologiska-observationer/#param=airTemperatureMeanMonth,stations=core,stationid=178970) weather station also located at TRS, as mentioned under Comments. ##### Dataset compilation The dataset is an extension in time of the dataset [Monthly mean air temperatures from Tarfala Research Station, Kebnekaise Mountains, 1965 – 2022](https://bolin.su.se/data/tarfala-kirchner-2023-monthly-temperature-1). The above mentioned dataset was compiled from the following public data sources: - Monthly mean data for June, July, August 1946 – 1964 - Data from Tarfala Research Station, Kebnekaise Mountains, Northern Sweden (version 1), [Tarfala Data — Climate](https://bolin.su.se/data/tarfala/climate.php), [Monthly mean air temperature at Tarfala 1946–2012](https://bolin.su.se/data/tarfala/data/climate/tarfala_monthly_mean_temperature.csv). - Monthly mean data 1965 – 2012 - Data from Tarfala Research Station, Kebnekaise Mountains, Northern Sweden (version 1), [Tarfala Data — Climate](https://bolin.su.se/data/tarfala/climate.php), [Monthly mean air temperature at Tarfala 1946–2012](https://bolin.su.se/data/tarfala/data/climate/tarfala_monthly_mean_temperature.csv). - Daily mean data for 2013 - Data from Tarfala Research Station, Kebnekaise Mountains, Northern Sweden (version 1), [Tarfala Data — Climate](https://bolin.su.se/data/tarfala/climate.php), [Temperature data for 2013](https://bolin.su.se/data/tarfala/data/climate/2013/TRS_met_2013_Temperature.csv). - Daily mean data for 2014 - Air temperatures at Tarfala Research Station acquired by a HC2S3 temperature and relative humidity sensor manufactured by Rotronic as part of the TRS-AWS instrumentation. - Daily mean data for 2015 – 2020 - Meteorological data from Tarfala Research Station, 2015-01-01–2021-03-31. [SITES Data Portal](https://hdl.handle.net/11676.1/RjPJiNY2PM5BteTUhS1QFH1g) - Daily mean data for 2021 – 2022 - Air temperatures at Tarfala Research Station acquired by a HC2S3 temperature and relative humidity sensor manufactured by Rotronic as part of the TRS-AWS instrumentation. Data from 2023 onward are appended here. They were collected in the same way as mentioned above for 2021 – 2022. ##### Instrumentation Since 2013, air temperatures at Tarfala Research Station are acquired by a HC2S3 temperature and relative humidity sensor manufactured by Rotronic as part of the TRS-AWS instrumentation. Measurements are reported as 10 minute averages, from which daily and further, monthly, averages were computed. The sensor is mounted approximately 2 m above ground, at an elevation of 1143 m a.s.l., and at geographical coordinates N 7537422, E 651517 (SWEREF99 TM coordinate system). ##### Dataset creators The dataset builds on data that was over the years collected and managed by various members of TRS staff. The compilation of the various data sources listed here, to derive the current dataset, was made by Nina Kirchner and Jamie Barnett for the dataset [Monthly mean air temperatures from Tarfala Research Station, Kebnekaise Mountains, 1965 – 2022](https://bolin.su.se/data/tarfala-kirchner-2023-monthly-temperature-1). Data for 2023 was appended by Nina Kirchner. ##### Climatological summary This dataset allows for the calculation of annual and seasonal averages, along with other climate trends. The following notable values are mentioned: - lowest annual average temperature: −5.9 °C (1966) - highest annual average temperature: −1.7 °C (2016) - lowest summer (June, July, August) average temperature: +3.3 °C (1975) - highest summer (June, July, August) average temperature: +8.7 °C (2002) - Mean July temperatures have been above +10 °C in the years 2003 (+11.7 °C), 2014 (+12.6 °C), 2018 (+12.8 °C) and 2021 (+10.2 °C). This is especially of interest as one of the definitions of “Arctic” is that July average temperatures do not exceed 10 °C. ##### Note In July 1995, the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI) installed a separate automatic weather station at Tarfala (station 178970, Tarfala A) as part of their national weather observation network. These data are available from the [SMHI open data resource](https://www.smhi.se/data/meteorologi/ladda-ner-meteorologiska-observationer/#param=airtemperatureInstant,stations=core,stationid=178970).