The Circum-Arctic Sediment Carbon Database — Carbon, nitrogen and isotopes in sediment cores of the Arctic Ocean
Jannik Martens, Evgeny Romankevich, Igor Semiletov, Birgit Wild, Bart van Dongen, Jorien Vonk, Tommaso Tesi, Natalia Shakhova, Oleg V. Dudarev, Denis Kosmach, Alexander Vetrov, Leopold Lobkovsky, Nikolay Belyaev, Robie Macdonald, Anna J. Pieńkowski, Timothy I. Eglinton, Negar Haghipour, Salve Dahle, Michael L. Carroll, Emmelie K.L. Åström, Jacqueline M. Grebmeier, Lee W. Cooper, Göran Possnert, Örjan Gustafsson
This dataset is part of the Circum-Arctic Sediment Carbon Database (CASCADE) and contains data for sediment cores across the Arctic Ocean, which are divided into three depositional time scales: centennial, millennial and glacial.
This dataset permits studies of past biogeochemical cycling and sediment carbon budgets in the Arctic Ocean using measured organic carbon (OC) concentrations, total nitrogen (TN) concentrations, and OC isotopes (δ¹³C, Δ¹⁴C) in sediment cores.
The dataset includes data from the published literature and yet unpublished data.
MarineArctic carbonCASCADESedimentCarbonArcticBiogeochemical cyclesClimate change
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Citation
References
Martens J, Romankevich E, Semiletov I, Wild B, van Dongen B, Vonk J, Tesi T, Shakhova N, Dudarev OV, Kosmach D, Vetrov A, Lobkovsky L, Belyaev N, Macdonald RW, Pieńkowski AJ, Eglinton TI, Haghipour N, Dahle S, Carroll ML, Åström EKL, Grebmeier JM, Cooper LW, Possnert G, Gustafsson Ö (2021) CASCADE – The Circum-Arctic Sediment CArbon DatabasE. Earth Syst Sci Data 13:2561 – 2572. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-2561-2021
Data description
Depositional time scales
Sediment cores are distinguished by three depositional time scales as follows:
- Centennial scale cores (core scale 1) in upper sediments of the Arctic Ocean, e.g., multi corer, Gemini corer, box corer, van Veen grab sampler, other short gravity corers up to 1 m length.
- Millennial scale cores (core scale 2) of shelf sediments roughly covering the depositional time frame from the late Holocene to the last glacial/interglacial transition, by e.g., piston corer, long gravity corer, kasten corer.
- Glacial cycles scale cores (core scale 3) from the continental slopes or the deeper Arctic Ocean basins covering periods from earlier than the Last Glacial Maximum, including e.g. drill coring on the Circum-Arctic shelves or deep-sea piston cores.
Data sheets for sediment cores
Three depositional time scales are distinguished for the dataset of sediment cores (see criteria above), which are organized as three different data tables. We, however, also provide one summary table with all core scales represented in one file. Each core scale is available as Excel spreadsheet (.xslx) and as tab-separated text (.txt) file:
- CASCADEcorescale1_v2.xlsx
- CASCADEcorescale1_v2.txt
- CASCADEcorescale2_v2.xlsx
- CASCADEcorescale2_v2.txt
- CASCADEcorescale3_v2.xlsx
- CASCADEcorescale3_v2.txt
- CASCADEcores_v2.xlsx
- CASCADEcores_v2.txt
Data sheet structure
As for surface sediments, all data and meta data for each core subsample and measurement are organized as columns in each data table. Each row in the CASCADE data sheets for sediment cores represents one subsample from a sediment core at an oceanographic station that was analyzed for one or several carbon parameters. The data sheet for sediment cores also includes a column for the sampling depth of core subsamples in cm below the sediment surface. Hence, multiple subsamples from one core are organized as multiple subsamples in the data sheet, which share the same geospatial information (lat, lon) but represent different sampling depth.
Columns for ID, depth and georeference
- CASCADE entry ID
- Sample code (as reported by data source)
- Latitude (decimal degrees)
- Longitude (decimal degrees)
- Mean sample depth below sea floor (cm)
- Water depth (m b.s.l.)
- Expedition or vessel name
- Sampling year
Carbon and Nitrogen (CN) data
- OC (%)
- TN (%)
- OC/TN
Carbon isotopes
- δ¹³C (‰ VPDB)
- Δ¹⁴C (‰)
References
- Citation of CN data
- Citation of δ¹³C data
- Citation of Δ¹⁴C data
Quality parameter and meta information
- Sediment sampler (e.g. grab sampler, multi corer, etc)
- Sample storage (0 for unknown, 1 for frozen, 2 for refrigerated)
- CN measurement (method of analysis)
- ¹³C measurement (method of analysis)
- AMS label
Comments
Please cite the companion paper in ESSD and the database when using the CASCADE.
The CASCADE is guided and continuously curated by scientists at the Bolin Centre for Climate Change
Version history
Version 2
Minor corrections and improvements of the dataset based on reviewer comments.
Version 1
Initial release.
Project
The development of the CASCADE was supported by the European Research Council (ERC Advanced Grant CC-TOP 695331 to ÖG), the EU H2020-funded project Nunataryuk (Grant 773421); the Swedish Research Council (Grant 2017-01601); the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (KAW contract 2011.0027 to ÖG) as part of the SWERUS-C3 program; the Russian Science Foundation (grant 21-77-30001 to IS; grant 18-05-60214 to ER and AV); the Russian Academy of Sciences (grant 0149-2019-0006); the Russian Science Foundation (grant 18-05-60214); the Research Council of Norway (grant 228107 to MLC; grant 223259); VISTA (grant 6172 to EKLÅ); the Research Council of Canada (NSERC Discovery Grant RGPIN-2016-05457 to AJP); the NERC research grant (NE/I024798/1); and the Dutch-NWO (Veni grant # 863.12.004).
Publisher
Bolin Centre Database
License
First name
Örjan
Last name or organisation
Gustafsson
Email address
Address
Department of Environmental Science; Stockholm University
Postal code
SE-106 91
City
Stockholm
Country
Sweden
GCMD science keyword
Earth science > Oceans > Ocean chemistry > Biogeochemical cycles
GCMD location
Ocean > Arctic Ocean
Dataset language
English