188 datasets found
Aerosol and droplet size distributions and concentrations were measured by a Forward Scattering Spectrometer Probe (model FSSP-100). The FSSP was installed on...
This data set provides the bulk aerosol chemical composition measured with a high-resolution Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (HR-AMS) during the Arctic Ocean 2018...
Aerosol particle number size distributions in the size range 10 – 921 nm were measured with a custom built differential mobility particle sizer (DMPS)...
This dataset includes measurements of aerosol particle number size distribution from the marine aerosol reference tank (MART) experiments conducted during the...
This dataset includes the number fractions of aerosol particles assigned to three particle types from the marine aerosol reference tank (MART) experiments...
This data set contains molecular-level chemical composition of the semi-volatile fraction (evaporating at ≤ 200 °C) of aerosol particles collected onto...
Measurements of cloud condensation nuclei concentrations in the whole-air sampling inlet (WAI) and the cloud residuals inlet (CVI), using two Cloud...
The dataset includes cloud droplet residual and whole-air aerosol particle number size distributions from the Arctic Ocean 2018 expedition, for a selected set...
This dataset contains results from analyses of chemical composition for elevated clouds in the pristine high Arctic, obtained with a miniaturised cloud water...
Aerosol particle number size distributions in the size range 0.15 – 10 micrometre were measured with a white-light aerosol spectrometer (WELAS)...
The concentration of particles larger than 2.5 nm was measured with an ultrafine condensation particle counter (UCPC). The concentration was corrected for...
This dataset presents the model output from two large-eddy simulation models. The model simulations were performed with the aim to investigate the importance...
This dataset includes a summary of the organic compounds (detected using Raman microspectroscopy) in sea spray aerosol particles. The sea spray aerosol...
Equivalent black carbon (eBC) concentration was measured using a multi-angle absorption photometer (MAAP, Thermo Scientific Inc., Model 5012, Germany)....
Equivalent black carbon (eBC) mass concentration was measured with a commercial aethalometer (model AE33, Magee Scientific, Berkeley, USA). Measurements were...
This dataset contains a collection of ancillary data that were used for the publication Frequent new particle formation over the high Arctic pack ice by...
We collected filter samples of aerosol from the whole air inlet and size segregated aerosol samples from a balloon borne sampler (SHARK), which were then...
Size segregated samples were collected from the marine aerosol reference tank (MART) headspace using a cascade impactor for offline analysis of their...
Aerosol and trace gas measurements are strongly affected by the ship exhaust and other human activities (e.g., helicopter flights). Therefore, it is important...
This dataset includes Raman spectra of the three representative particle types identified in sea spray aerosol particles generated during the marine aerosol...
This dataset includes the mean and 95% confidence intervals for the mole ratios C/Na, Cl/Na, S/Na, N/Na, Mg/Na, Ca/Na measured from individual submicron and...
Using a single-particle online optical instrument we measured the coarse particle concentration (optical diameter bigger than 0.8 µm) on the 4th deck of...
The aerosol size distribution was obtained combining measurements from a neutral and air ion spectrometer (NAIS) with a differential mobility particle sizer...
The aerosol size distribution was measured with a custom made scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS), range 18 – 660 nm. Aerosols are important...
The size distribution of neutral and charged particles was measured using a neutral cluster and air ion spectrometer (NAIS) instrument. The concentration was...
This dataset contains concentrations (micrograms per meter cubed of air) of anions detected in submicron aerosols collected onboard icebreaker Oden during the...
These results are chemical composition of Aitken mode (~20-70 nm) particles collected near the North Pole during August – September 2018, using in...
The ultrafine particle (UFP) concentration is the concentration of particles having a diameter between 2.5 and 15 nm, it is reported in terms of particle...
The atmospheric thermodynamic structure and aerosol particle concentrations, in several size ranges, across a multitude of surface conditions over the Arctic...
Eddy covariance observations of atmosphere-ocean fluxes of CO₂; dissolved CO₂ in surface waters, and derived gas transfer velocities during the SWERUS-C3...
Atmospheric observations of CH₄ and CO₂ above the Eastern Arctic Ocean, and dissolved CH₄ in surface waters of the Eastern Arctic Ocean in July and...
Shipborne atmospheric measurements of methane (CH₄) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the Eastern Arctic Ocean in August and September 2014. This dataset...
Shipborne observations of methane isotopic ratio (δ¹³C) from the Eastern Arctic Ocean in July and August 2014. This dataset provides rare measurements of...
10-day backward and forward air parcel trajectories were calculated along the ship track of the Swedish icebreaker Oden during the ARTofMELT (Atmospheric...
7-day backward trajectories from along the ship track of the Swedish icebreaker Oden during the ARTofMELT (Atmospheric Rivers and the Onset of Arctic Melt)...
7-day backward trajectories from within a circle around the ship track of the Swedish icebreaker Oden during the ARTofMELT (Atmospheric Rivers and the Onset of...
7-day forward trajectories from along the ship track of the Swedish icebreaker Oden during the ARTofMELT (Atmospheric Rivers and the Onset of Arctic Melt)...
7-day forward trajectories from within a circle around the ship track of the Swedish icebreaker Oden during the ARTofMELT (Atmospheric Rivers and the Onset of...
Backward trajectories from along the ship track, with Swedish icebreaker Oden during the Arctic Ocean 2018 expedition in the central Arctic Ocean, August and...
An all-sky cloud imager consists of a polished half-spherical dome mirror with a camera on top looking down. The camera takes images of the dome, which...
The height to the lowest cloud base, or to more than one cloud base in the case when the lowest cloud layer does not cover the whole sky, was measured by three...
Measurements of cloud base height, cloud fraction and backscatter profiles. The dataset provides rare high quality meteorological observations from sea-ice...
Measurements of cloud base height, cloud fraction and backscatter profiles. The dataset provides rare high quality meteorological observations from sea-ice...
The height to the lowest cloud base, or to more than one cloud base in the case when the lowest cloud layer does not cover the whole sky, was measured by three...
This dataset consists of a range of output products from the Cloudnet algorithm. Cloudnet combines cloud radar, ceilometer, microwave radiometer, and...
This dataset consists of a range of output products from the Cloudnet algorithm. Cloudnet combines cloud radar, ceilometer, microwave radiometer, and...
This dataset presents the model output from the large-eddy simulation (LES) model. The LES was employed to simulate a two-layer boundary-layer cloud structure...
Vertically integrated water vapor (PWV) and cloud liquid water (LWP) was measured using a microwave radiometer, simultaneously observing the microwave...
Observations of the atmospheric thermodynamic structure, wind profiles and surface energy budget components from the Eastern Arctic Ocean in July through early...
Cloud information data was collected using a ship-based vertically pointing millimeter cloud radar (MMCR), which is a Doppler radar at the Ka-band,...
This data set includes retrievals of cloud type, characteristic particle size, and condensed water content for both liquid and ice hydrometeors. These...
The height to the lowest cloud base, or to more than one cloud base in the case when the lowest cloud layer does not cover the whole sky, was measured by three...
Cloud and precipitation information data was collected using a ship-based vertically pointing Doppler radar at the S-band, adapted to primarily measure...
Micrometeorological observations were collected from two masts on an ice floe a few hundred meters from the Icebreaker Oden during ice drift of the ASCOS...
Air-sea fluxes and other micrometeorological variables are derived from fast response (20 Hz) measurements of the 3-dimensional wind vector, temperature and...
Air-sea fluxes and other micrometeorological variables derived from fast response (20 Hz) measurements of the 3-dimensional wind vector, temperature and...
Air-sea fluxes and other micrometeorological variables derived from fast response (20 Hz) measurements of the 3-dimensional wind vector, temperature and...
Air-sea fluxes and other micrometeorological variables derived from fast response (20 Hz) measurements of the 3-dimensional wind vector, temperature and...
Air-sea fluxes and other micrometeorological variables derived from fast response (20 Hz) measurements of the 3-dimensional wind vector, temperature and...
Measurements of clouds were obtained from the RPG-Radiometer Physics RPG-FMCW-94 Doppler cloud radar deployed on the roof of a container on the 4th deck of the...
Surface fluxes of momentum, and sensible and latent heat over the sea-ice, and other micrometeorological variables are derived from fast response (20 Hz)...
Measurements of near-surface meteorology, upwelling and downwelling radiative fluxes and snow temperature data were obtained from two installations (the Met...
Air-sea fluxes of momentum, heat and CO₂, associated micrometeorological and mean meteorological and ocean surface variables. Fluxes are derived from fast...
Measurements from icebreaker Oden’s navigation, meteorological and surface seawater systems from the Arctic Ocean 2016 (AO2016) expedition to the central...
Measurements from icebreaker Oden’s navigation, meteorological and surface seawater systems from the Arctic Ocean 2018 (AO2018, also referred to as...
Measurements from icebreaker Oden’s navigation, meteorological and surface seawater systems from the SWERUS-C3 expedition to the Eastern Arctic Ocean in July...
Profiles of ozone concentration were measured by a Vaisala add-on ozone sonde, for a few of the radiosoundings launched from the helipad of the Icebreaker Oden.
Measurements obtained from the micro rain radar (METEK MRR-2) deployed on the foredeck of the Swedish icebreaker Oden during the expedition ARTofMELT...
Profiles of radioactivity were measured by a Vaisala add-on radioactivity sonde for a few of the radiosoundings, measuring Geiger–Müller tube count rates...
The Icebreaker Oden's weather station was mostly located on the 7th deck about 27 m above sea level, on top of the bridge. Sensors were distributed over the...
During the ASCOS expedition the temperatures of the cloud-base, ambient air, and surface were very accurately measured using the Marine-Atmospheric Emitted...
High resolution (in time and space) vertical profiles of temperature were obtained from a 60GHz scanning microwave radiometer. The radiometer measures the...
Measurements of iodic acid, sulfuric acid and methanesulfonic acid concentration in the gas phase obtained with a nitrate chemical ionization mass spectrometer...
Ozone was measured with a 2B Technology ozone monitor (model 205). The concentration is reported as a mixing ratio in parts per billion [ppb], at 60 seconds...
Cloud base heights and atmospheric backscatter data are obtained from a lidar ceilometer instrument deployed on the 7th top deck of the Swedish icebreaker Oden...
Cloud base heights and atmospheric backscatter data are obtained from a lidar ceilometer instrument deployed on the 7th top deck of the Swedish icebreaker Oden...
Estimates of vertically integrated water-vapor and liquid-water paths are obtained from measurements with a HATPRO5 passive microwave radiometer deployed on...
Estimates of vertically integrated water-vapor and liquid-water paths are obtained from measurements with a HATPRO5 passive microwave radiometer deployed on...
This data set consists of air temperature, wind speed, wind direction, sea surface temperature, and precipitation recordings taken once per minute from the...
Measurements of visibility, precipitation type and intensity, and the corresponding World Meteorological Organization (WMO) weather codes. The dataset...
Measurements of visibility, precipitation type and intensity, and the corresponding the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) weather codes. The dataset...
Atmospheric profile measurements of temperature, humidity, pressure and wind speed from radiosonde (Vaisala RS92) weather balloons. Data also include...
Atmospheric profile measurements of temperature, humidity, pressure and wind speed are obtained from radiosonde weather balloons, launched from the Swedish...
Atmospheric profile measurements of temperature, humidity, pressure and wind speed are obtained from radiosonde weather balloons, launched from the Swedish...
Radiosoundings were launched every six hours (00, 06, 12 & 18UTC), and additionally before each helicopter flight (if not at one of the normal times), using...
Profiles of temperature and humidity are obtained from an RPG HATPRO5 microwave radiometer deployed on the roof of a container on the 4th deck of Oden during...
Profiles of temperature and humidity are obtained from an RPG HATPRO5 microwave radiometer deployed on the roof of a container on the 4th deck of Oden during...
In-situ boundary-layer meteorological observations were made from the ice floe using sensors hanging under a tethered balloon which was quasi-continuously...
In-situ boundary-layer meteorological observations were made from the ice using sensors hanging under a tethered balloon which was quasi-continuously winched...
Visibility data was collected using a Vaisala visibility sensor based on forward scattered laser light deployed on the aft starboard side on the 7th deck of...
Horisontal visibility, precipitation rate and air temperature data are obtained from a Present Weather observation station deployed on the 7th top deck of the...
Horisontal visibility, precipitation rate and air temperature data are obtained from a Present Weather observation station deployed on the 7th top deck of the...
Measurements of near-surface wind speed and direction, temperature, relative humidity, air pressure, shortwave and longwave downwelling radiation, surface...
Measurements of near-surface wind speed and direction, temperature, relative humidity, air pressure, shortwave and longwave downwelling radiation, and surface...
Measurements of near-surface wind speed and direction, temperature, relative humidity, air pressure, shortwave and longwave downwelling radiation, and surface...
Measurements of near-surface wind speed and direction, temperature, relative humidity, air pressure, shortwave and longwave downwelling radiation, and surface...
The WeatherPak station is an integrated unit mounted approximately mid-ship on the forward railing on the Icebreaker Oden's 7th deck about 27 m above sea...
A weather station was deployed on the 7th top deck of the Swedish icebreaker Oden during the ARTofMELT (Atmospheric Rivers and the Onset of Arctic Melt)...
A weather station was deployed on the 7th top deck of the Swedish icebreaker Oden during the ARTofMELT (Atmospheric Rivers and the Onset of Arctic Melt)...
Wind profile data was obtained by sound detection and ranging (SODAR) which transmit audible sound pulses at several wave lengths. Using the Doppler shift of...
Wind profiler consensus data was obtained using a Doppler radar wind profilers transmitting at 449MHz. Using the Doppler shift of the return signals and...
Wind profiler moment data was obtained using a Doppler radar wind profilers transmitting at 449MHz. Using the Doppler shift of the return signals and algebra,...
This dataset was compiled to quantify degradation of terrigenous organic carbon in surface sediments across the Laptev and East Siberian Sea. It includes raw...
This dataset contains biochemical data analyzed in the sediment core SWERUS-L2-31-PC1, an archive spanning over the past 27,000 years recovered from the...
This dataset contains compound-specific radiocarbon dates for long-chain fatty acids (specific terrestrial biomarkers) along a 600-km transect from the Lena...
Isotope data for dissolved methane determined in samples collected from vertical and bottom-water horizontal casts in the outer Laptev Sea. The data was...
Multibeam bathymetry from areas in the central Artic Ocean with a main focus on the Gakkel Ridge. High-resolution bathymetry data are commonly used to...
Multibeam bathymetry from areas in the central Arctic Ocean, starting and ending in Longyearbyen, Svalbard. High-resolution bathymetry data are commonly...
Multibeam bathymetry from areas in Arctic Ocean waters off Northeast Greenland. High-resolution bathymetry data are commonly used to study, for example,...
Multibeam bathymetry from areas in the central Arctic Ocean, around the North Pole and along the Lomonosov Ridge towards Northern Greenland. High-resolution...
Multibeam bathymetry from areas in Arctic Ocean waters around the North Pole and off North Greenland, partly above the Lomonosov Ridge. High-resolution...
Multibeam bathymetry from areas in the central Arctic Ocean over sections of the southern Lomonosov Ridge off Northern Greenland, the Morris Jesup Rise and...
Multibeam bathymetry from areas in Arctic Ocean waters off North Greenland. High-resolution bathymetry data are commonly used to study, for example, general...
Multibeam bathymetry from areas in the Fram Strait in the Arctic Ocean. High-resolution bathymetry data are commonly used to study, for example, general...
Multibeam bathymetry from areas in the Arctic Ocean waters northeast of Greenland. High-resolution bathymetry data are commonly used to study, for example,...
Multibeam bathymetry from areas in Southern Ocean waters off west Antarctica. High-resolution bathymetry data are commonly used to study, for example,...
Multibeam bathymetry from areas in Southern Ocean waters off West Antarctica. High-resolution bathymetry data are commonly used to study, for example,...
Multibeam bathymetry from areas in Southern Ocean waters off West Antarctica. High-resolution bathymetry data are is commonly used to study, for example,...
Multibeam bathymetry from the central Arctic Ocean, including parts of Amundsen Basin, Nansen Basin, the North Pole, Lomonosov Ridge, Morris Jesup Rise and the...
Multibeam bathymetry from areas in the East Siberian Arctic Ocean and adjacent deep waters off the continental shelf. More specifically, mapped areas include...
Multibeam bathymetry from areas in Arctic Ocean waters off Northwest Svalbard. High-resolution bathymetry data are commonly used to study, for example,...
Multibeam bathymetry from areas in the Arctic Ocean, mainly in the Amundsen Basin and in areas around the underwater mountain ranges Lomonosov Ridge and Alpha...
Multibeam bathymetry from areas in the central Arctic Ocean, starting and ending in Tromsø, Norway. High-resolution bathymetry data are commonly used to...
Multibeam bathymetry from seafloor off northwestern sector of the Greenland Ice Sheet, where Petermann Glacier drains into Nares Strait. The data reveal...
Multibeam bathymetry from coastal waters along Northwestern Greenland, from Thule in the south to Sherard Osborn Fjord in the north. More specifically, mapped...
The AGAVE (Arctic Gakkel Vents) expedition was carried out during summer 2007 in the central Artic Ocean with a main focus on mapping and sampling the Gakkel...
The Arctic Ocean 2016 expedition was carried out during summer 2016 in the Arctic Ocean, mainly in the Amundsen Basin and in areas around the underwater...
The Arctic Ocean 2018 expedition was carried out during summer 2018 in the central Arctic Ocean. With the Swedish icebreaker Oden serving as the research...
The ASCOS (Arctic Summer Cloud Ocean Study) expedition was carried out during summer 2008 in high-latitude areas in the Arctic Ocean. With the Swedish...
The EAGER (East Greenland Ridge) expedition was carried out during summer 2011 in Arctic Ocean waters off Northeast Greenland. With the Swedish icebreaker...
The LOMROG III (Lomonosov Ridge off Greenland) expedition was carried out during summer 2012 in the central Arctic Ocean, around the North Pole and along the...
The LOMROG II (Lomonosov Ridge off Greenland) expedition was carried out during summer 2009 in Arctic Ocean waters around the North Pole and off North...
The LOMROG (Lomonosov Ridge off Greenland) 2007 expedition was carried out during summer of 2007. The expedition worked in the central Arctic Ocean over...
The NEGC (North East Greenland Coring) expedition was carried out during summer 2008 in Arctic Ocean waters off North Greenland. With the Swedish icebreaker...
The OATRC (Oden Arctic Technology Research Cruise) 2012 expedition was carried out during summer 2012 in the Fram Strait in the Arctic Ocean. With the...
The OATRC (Oden Arctic Technology Research Cruise) 2013 expedition was carried out during summer 2013 in Arctic Ocean waters northeast of Greenland. With...
The Oden Southern Ocean (OSO) 2007/08 expedition was carried out during austral summer 2007/08 in Southern Ocean waters off West Antarctica. With the...
The OSO (Oden Southern Ocean) 2009/10 expedition was carried out during austral summer 2009/10 in Southern Ocean waters off West Antarctica. With the...
The OSO (Oden Southern Ocean) 2010/11 expedition was carried out during austral summer 2010/11 in Southern Ocean waters off West Antarctica. With the...
The Petermann 2015 expedition was carried out during summer 2015 in the Nares Strait off Northwestern Greenland. The main target was the Petermann Fjord where...
The Ryder 2019 Expedition was carried out during summer 2019 in the Arctic Ocean off Northwest Greenland. The main target was Sherard Osborn Fjord where Ryder...
The Synoptic Arctic Survey (SAS) 2021 expedition was carried out during summer 2021 in the Arctic Ocean, covering a large area including parts of Amundsen...
The SAT (Sea Acceptance Test) expeditions were carried out during summers 2008 and 2009 in Arctic Ocean waters off Northwest Svalbard. The main goal of...
The SWERUS-C3 (Swedish – Russian – US Arctic Ocean Investigation of Climate-Cryosphere-Carbon Interactions) expedition was carried out during the summer of...
The Synoptic Arctic Survey (SAS) 2021 expedition was carried out during summer 2021 in the Arctic Ocean, covering a large area including parts of the Amundsen...
The dataset contains metadata and 353 files with photographs and field notes from the ice stations visited during the Synoptic Arctic Survey (SAS) 2021...
Collection of data acquired at the Swedish icebreaker Oden during 19 expeditions held between 2007 and 2021, of which 16 went to the Arctic Ocean and 3 to the...
This dataset contains acoustic midwater data from the central Arctic Ocean, collected with a wideband Simrad EK80 sonar (18 kHz center frequency) in 2016, and...
This dataset contains acoustic midwater data from the Central Arctic Ocean, collected with a wideband Simrad EK80 sonar installed onboard icebreaker...
The data set includes CTD data (conductivity, temperature, and depth in the water column) from the SWERUS-C3 (Swedish-Russian-US Arctic Ocean Investigation of...
Profiles of pressure, temperature, salinity, potential density and Turbulent Kinetic Energy (TKE) dissipation rate were measured at the ocean site of the ice...
Conductivity, temperature and depth (CTD) data collected during the Ryder 2019 Expedition from coastal waters along northwestern Greenland, from Thule in the...
Lowered acoustic doppler current profiler (LADCP) data collected at most CTD stations during the Ryder 2019 Expedition from coastal waters along northwestern...
This dataset contains measurements of planktonic foraminifera from the water column, collected during the Synoptic Arctic Survey (SAS) expedition to the...
This dataset contains measurements of planktonic foraminifera (Neogloboquadrina pachyderma), collected during the Ryder 2019 Expedition with Swedish icebreaker...
Depth profiles of data from water samples collected by a rosette-CTD system in international waters during the second leg of the expedition SWERUS-C3. Noted...
Dissolved nutrient concentrations (nitrite, nitrate, ammonium, phosphate and silicate) of water samples collected via CTD (conductivity, temperature, depth)...
This dataset includes observational data related to nitrous oxide (N₂O) in the Kara, Laptev and East Siberian Sea, generated during the ISSS-2020 expedition...
This dataset contains the major nutrients ammonium, dissolved silica, dissolved inorganic phosphate collected from the porewaters of sediment from 16 stations...
Depth profiles of seawater pH and total alkalinity (TA) from water samples collected during the Ryder 2019 Expedition from coastal waters along northwestern...
Discrete water-column dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) measurements collected aboard icebreaker Oden during the Arctic Ocean 2018...
This dataset includes measurements of water temperature, salinity, chlorophyll a, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), particulate...
Continuous, underway measurements of seawater pH and total alkalinity (TA) were collected from the surface seawater intake system on board the Swedish...
Upper ocean gas bubbles generate airborne droplets when they burst at the surface, either "film droplets", from remnants of the surface of a bubble, or "jet...
Upper ocean turbulence data was measured at the ocean site of the ice floe roughly 100 m from the Icebreaker Oden, using instruments mounted in a tower...
Age model and sedimentological data for a marine sediment core collected on the Lomonosov Ridge adjoining the East Siberian shelf, Arctic Ocean. The dataset...
This dataset contains metadata and 296 files with photographs of 325 fish otoliths (calcium carbonate structures in the heads of bony fishes) sampled from the...
The dataset contains foraminiferal data (relative abundance of species), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) counts (Mn, Zr , and Mn/Zr ratio), and two age model options...
Relative geochemical elemental abundances of marine sediment cores collected during the Ryder 2019 Expedition to northwestern Greenland and the Lincoln...
Geomagnetic field directions (inclination and declination) are reconstructed for two sediment cores for the past 4200 years. The sediment cores were collected...
Data from sediment core SWERUS-L2-2-PC1. The core was collected during the SWERUS-C3 expedition with icebreaker Oden 2014. Core length: 8.2 m. Coring site:...
Data from sediment core SWERUS-L2-4-PC1. The core was collected during the SWERUS-C3 expedition with icebreaker Oden 2014. Core length: 6.1 m. Coring site:...
Sediment core data from four sites in the East Siberian Sea, Arctic Ocean. The cores were collected during the SWERUS-C3 expedition with icebreaker Oden 2014....
Sedimentological data from six marine sediment cores collected from the Lomonosov Ridge, Arctic Ocean. The sediment cores were collected on two separate...
The dataset contains physical properties, age model, selected palaeo- and rock magnetic data, and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) counts from a sediment core...
Bulk Density and magnetic susceptibility measurements performed on 25 marine sediment cores collected during the Ryder 2019 Expedition to northwestern...
This dataset includes data related to physical sediment properties (the bulk density and Mn/Zr ratios) of cores AO16-9PC and AO16-10PC, located in the Arctic...
This dataset includes sea-ice related biomarkers and the amount of total organic carbon from 15 surface sediment samples and two gravity cores collected during...